"Ethics" or "moral philosophy" is the study of morals in human conduct. Like all branches of philosophy, it deals with the critical evaluation of assumptions and arguments. Within the field of philosophy, "Medical ethics" is the study of morals in the medical arena. In practice this means that medical ethics plays a role wherever the question, "What ought to be done?" is raised in the medical context.

Medical ethics, therefore, critically examines the reasons that underlie any medical decision that involves these concepts.
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Medical ethics aims to produce and emphasize a rational, coherent and consistent approach to making moral decisions in medicine. Think about how these ethical approaches affect the way we think of the duties of doctors, the way we practice modern medicine and the way we train doctors.

Medical ethics in Islam

Islam has the biggest role and the first to speak about morality in dealing with people before they are classified as researches and studies the foundations of the interaction between the doctor and his patients

-The first main principle of Islamic Medicine is the emphasis on the sanctity of human life which derives from al- Qur’an :

قال تعالى : [مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ كَتَبْنَا عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنَّهُ مَنْ قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسَادٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَمَنْ أَحْيَاهَا فَكَأَنَّمَا أَحْيَا النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا] {المائدة:32 }

Whosoever saves a human life, saves the life of the whole mankind

-The second main principle is the emphasis on seeking a cure. This derives from a saying of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH):

قال (صلى الله عليه و سلم): " ما أنزل الله من داء إلا وله دواء علمه من علمه وجهله من جهله "

There is no disease that God has created, except that He also has created its treatment

-Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), in another narration, is also reported to have said:

قال (صلى الله عليه و سلم) : " لكل داء دواء إلا داء الهرم "

Seek treatment, for God the Exalted did not create a disease for which He did not create a treatment, except senility

- The third main principle is the emphasis on humane treatment derives from al- Qur’an :

قال تعالى :[فَبِمَا رَحْمَةٍ مِنَ اللهِ لِنْتَ لَهُمْ وَلَوْ كُنْتَ فَظًّا غَلِيظَ القَلْبِ لَانْفَضُّوا مِنْ حَوْلِكَ فَاعْفُ عَنْهُمْ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ وَشَاوِرْهُمْ فِي الأَمْرِ فَإِذَا عَزَمْتَ فَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللهِ إِنَّ اللهَ يُحِبُّ المُتَوَكِّلِينَ] {آل عمران:159} "

It was a mercy from God that you were soft towards them; had you been harsh and mean hearted , they would have dispersed from you; so pardon them and ask forgiveness for them, and consult them in the matter; but when you are convinced, then put your trust in God; for God loves those who put their trust

- The fourth main principle is the emphasis on mastering the work. This derives from a saying of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH):

قال ( صلى الله عليه و سلم ) : " إن الله يحب إذا عمل أحدكم عملاً أن يتقنه"

Allah will be pleased with those who try to do thier work in a perfect way

- The fifth main principle is the emphasis on human life in God's hands. This derived from al- Qur’an:

قال تعالى: [وَمَا كَانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَنْ تَمُوتَ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ الله] {آل عمران: 145 }

No soul can die except by Allah's permission